Slavery for ancient Rome

Roman mosaic wey dey for Dougga, Tunisia (2nd/3rd century AD): Two big slaves dey carry wine jars, dem each wear amulet wey go protect dem from bad eye for neck, one dey wear loincloth (left) and the other dey wear exomis; young slave wey dey left dey carry water and towels, and the one wey dey right carry branch and basket of flowers.

Slavery for ancient Rome dey very important for their society and economy. Those wey no get skills or low skills, dem dey work for fields, mines, and mills, no chance to make progress or get freedom. But those wey sabi skills and educated—like artisans, chefs, house helps, entertainers, business managers, account guys, teachers, secretaries, civil servants, and doctors—dem dey in better level of servitude, and fit hope for freedom through some correct ways wey law dey protect. The chance to gree person free and make am citizen na wetin separate Rome system of slavery, wey bring plenty free people join Roman society.

For all kind jobs, free workers, former slaves, an di people wey dey suffer, mostly dey do same kind work. Rich Romans wey make dem money from property no see big difference between slavery an people wey dey earn wages. Slaves be like property under Roman law, dem no get rights like proper people. Unlike Roman citizens, dem fit face serious punishment, sexual wahala, torture, an even die like dat. Di most brutal punishment na for slaves. Wetin dem go chop, di house wey dem go live, di clothes wey dem go wear, an di healthcare all depend on wetin dem feel dem fit do for dia masters wey fit be wicked or show small kindness sometimes.

Some people just born into slavery, dem be pikin of enslaved mama. Others just turn slaves. War capture people dey considered enslaved by law, and when Roman military dey expand during Republican time, na dat one be big source of slaves. From 2nd century BC to late ancient time, kidnapping and piracy dey put freeborn people for Mediterranean wahala of illegal slavery, especially poor children dey suffer. Even though dem pass law to stop debt slavery early for Rome, some people still decide sell themselves as slaves to escape hunger. The slave trade, wey dem dey tax small and regulate, dey thrive for all corners of Roman Empire and beyond. In ancient times, dem dey see slavery as political matter, as one group dey dominate another, any race fit become slave, including freeborn Romans. All communities for Roman Empire dey practice am, even among Jews and Christians. Even small, normal homes dey expect make dem get two or three slaves. After slave rebellions, Spartacus wey dem defeat for 71 BC mark the end; slave uprisings dey come rare during Imperial time, when individual escape na the main resistance style. Hunting runaway slaves be the main police work for Roman Empire.

Moral wahala wey dey talk about slavery be all about how dem dey treat slaves, and plenty people wey wan free dem no dey like talk. Di inscriptions wey slaves and people wey don free create plus di art for dem houses show how dem see themselves small small. Some writers and philosophers for Roman time be former slaves or dem pikin wey don free. Some scholars don try imagine how slaves for Roman world dey live through wetin happen for Atlantic slave trade, but e hard to sabi wetin be di 'normal' Roman slave as di work wey slaves and freedmen dey do plenty and di kind levels wey dem get for society too complex.


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